A study reported in the media this week has understandably worried a lot of women, so I wanted to unpick what it actually showed, and what it didn’t. The researchers looked at large numbers of menopausal women’s records and found that grey matter in their brains reduces in areas linked to memory, coordination and spatial awareness. That research is not new. We’ve known for years that progesterone, estradiol and testosterone are important for brain function, and menopause is a risk factor for dem

Estradiol is not just a “reproductive hormone.” It’s a mitochondrial supercharger. Your mitochondria are the energy factories inside every cell, brain, muscle, heart, skin. And estradiol directly supports how efficiently they produce ATP (your body’s energy currency). When estradiol declines, women often notice: • More fatigue • Brain fog • Slower recovery • Mood shifts • Decreased stamina That’s not random. That’s cellular energy changing. Estradiol supports: ✨ Mitochondrial function ✨ Reduced

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Measuring blood levels for women on the estrogen patch shows... | Felice Gersh, MD