The International Monetary Fund (IMF) has decided to close its Resident Representative Office in San José, which has been headed by Mr. Santiago Acosta-Ormaechea, effective mid-October 2025.

The updated System of National Accounts better captures digitalization, intangible assets, and global production—helping ...

Cyber risk is highly relevant to the financial sector and financial stability of Canada. According to the Canadian Centre for Cyber Security (CCCS), in 2021, 23.9 percent of finance and insurance ...

In the context of Uzbekistan’s transition to a market-based economy, the authorities have undertaken several reform measures that strengthened banking supervision. Starting in 2019, a new central bank ...

This note explores the implementation of central bank digital currencies in environments with limited connectivity, emphasizing the need for offline solutions to enhance financial inclusion. It ...

In May 2025, an assessment was undertaken of the data quality of the public sector debt statistics (PSDS) of Botswana against the IMF’s Data Quality Assessment Framework (DQAF) for PSDS. The mission ...

Governments have traditionally used targeted interventions known as industrial policy to make domestic producers more competitive or promote growth in selected industries. While some developing ...

As a follow-up to the 2019 FSSR, a hybrid technical assistance mission supported the Reserve Bank of Zimbabwe (RBZ) in finalizing the updated capital regulations based on the Basel III Capital ...

An International Monetary Fund (IMF) staff team, led by Ms. Xiangming Li, IMF mission chief for Eswatini, visited Mbabane from July 24 - August 6, 2025, to conduct discussions for the 2025 Article IV ...

Many emerging market and developing economies face threats to economic growth and limited policy space due to high inflation, rising debt, and balance of payments pressures. These challenges mounted ...

Medium-term growth prospects of Caribbean countries have weakened in recent years. We examine these trends by providing new estimates of potential GDP growth for the region. Our findings reveal a ...

Global trade developments continue to shape the outlook. Following an unprecedented escalation in tariffs imposed on the rest of the world in April, the United States partly reversed course, pausing ...