The Kardashev Scale, first proposed by Russian astronomer Nikolai Kardashev, measures the technological advancement of civilizations by the amount of energy they can harness and use. In its original ...

It has been more than sixty years since Dr. Frank Drake (father of the Drake Equation) and his colleagues mounted the first Search for Extraterrestrial Intelligence (SETI) survey. This was known as ...

Humans love to put labels on pretty much everything — even stuff we know nothing about, like undiscovered alien civilizations. Over 50 years ago, a Soviet astrophysicist invented a power ranking for ...

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