And while diagnostic techniques such as blood tests, saliva analysis and eye scans all show promise, doctors still tend to rely on patients' self-reported symptoms, which are subjective. Seeking a ...

The pH scale is used to measure the acidity of a fluid. The pH scale ranges from 0 to 14. A pH of 7 is neutral, whereas a pH result below 7 is acidic and above 7 is alkaline. Urine has the widest ...

The pH measures how acidic or alkaline a person’s urine is. Ideally, the pH of urine should be around 6.0 to 7.5, but a wider range is usually acceptable. Doctors often test the urine pH and carry out ...

When taking a trip to the bathroom, you probably don’t notice your pee’s appearance or smell most of the time. Typically our urine is made up of 95% pure water and 5% other compounds. For the most ...

Small amounts of protein can appear in your urine and be OK. Above a certain level, however, may indicate proteinuria, which can be a red flag for kidney disease. Proteins are among the most important ...

Researchers have used artificial intelligence (AI) to analyse patient urine samples and predict when symptoms of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) will flare up according to a study ...